CS 511- Web Engineering

Week 1

Topic 12-13

CS511-Week 1:Topic 12-13
CS511-Week 1:Topic 12-13


Topic 12:

How does a web browser work?

When we open a website, many processes are running on the backend. When we request a web page, we first get its 
  • HTML content
  • Images 
  • Videos
  • Style sheets
  • Scripts
All these files are loaded one by one. 
The browser requests and receives these files from the server. When the browser gets this content, it renders and displays our page using them.

Load times and cascades:

We can check requests and responses against them and the time taken for responses when we open the web page. Some tool is mainly intended for developers and hence it is called developer tool. For example, in Chrome, we can open the developer tools using the browser menu (the shortcut Ctrl+Shift+I can also be used).

Browser Caching:

When we visit a web page and load some images and files from it, they are stored in the browser cache. The next time the file will be loaded from the browser cache instead of the server, resulting in fast browsing. Caching can also be disabled to prevent caching, such as on banking websites.

Browser Features:

Some Browsers features are given below.

  • Search Engine Integration
  • URL Auto-completion
  • Form Auto-completion
  • Cloud sync of user data
  • Phishing website detection
  • Secure connection Visualization

Assessment:

  • Which of the following is used to resolve domain names of IP addresses?
    1. Client name system
    2. Email-related protocols
    3. File transfer protocol
    4. Domain name system
  • Identify the second-level domain (SLD) from the given website address. Website address: www.facebook.com
    1. Facebook
    2. .com
    3. SLD is not available on the given website address
    4. www.facebook

Topic 13:

Web Servers:

Web servers are computers that are more powerful than the computers that we are used at home

The application stack that a web server follows consists of

  1. operating system 
  2. webserver software
  3. a database 
  4. scripting language

Operating system:

Today the most widely used operating systems are Linux, Mac, and Windows.


Webserver software:

Popular webserver software that is widely used are Apache, Nginx, and IIS.


Database software:

Mostly used databases are MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite.


Scripting languages:

A dynamic website can be generated in almost every scripting language. However, the most popular language is PHP. These days some other languages are used like ASP.NET, Python, and Node.js.

Assessment:

  • Identify the protocol in the given URL. URL: https://www.swiftcrm.com
    1. www
    2. HTTPS
    3. swiftcrm
    4. .com
  • Which of the following is the widely used request method in HTTP?
    1. Delete
    2. Patch
    3. Post and Get
    4. Put

The End 😊